ABSTRACT
<b>Objective: </b>In this study, we evaluated distinctive types of physical predisposition in patients with common side effects.<br><b>Method: </b>We selected 500 and 1,200 individuals with and without a previous diagnosis of side effects, respectively, through web-based research. Then, we conducted a decision tree analysis for investigating the status of 100 types of physical predisposition in these individuals.<br><b>Results and Conclusion: </b>The individuals who had suffered from hepatic disorder and answered “relevant” for “predisposition to swelling” (likelihood ratio of a positive result [LR+] 2.17; <i>p</i>=0.004) and “very relevant” for “predisposition to skin dryness” (LR+ 3.52; <i>p</i><0.001) enhanced the probability of extracting individuals who developed side effects. The individuals who had suffered from skin disorder and answered “relevant” for “predisposition to eczema and inflammation” and “not relevant” for “predisposition to higher temperature” had an LR+ of 2.22 (<i>p</i><0.001). The individuals with “predisposition to worsening of physical condition on a rainy or high-humidity day” are more likely to develop side effects with the use of antibiotics and NSAIDs, compared to those without this predisposition (antibiotics: LR+ 2.33; NSAIDs: LR+ 2.51). The results of this study indicate that we can identify patients with a high risk of side effects through an interview on predisposition.
ABSTRACT
A 54-year-old man with unstable angina and Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome was admitted. Coronary angiography showed 90% stenosis of the left main trunk and 75% stenosis of the obtuse marginal branch. Coronary artery bypass grafting under cardioplegic arrest was done emergently. The left internal mammary artery graft was anastmosed to the left anterior descending artery, and a saphenous vein graft was used as a sequential bypass graft to the high lateral branch and obtuse marginal branch. Immediately after weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) requiring electrical cardioversion was occurred, and catheter ablation was performed on the first postoperative day. There are controversus concerning the strategies of surgical treatment for unstable angina concomitant with WPW syndrome. Coronary bypass operation may trigger PSVT in patients with WPW syndrome. The optimal timing of perioperative catheter ablation needs further discussion.
ABSTRACT
A 64-year-old man was admitted with intermittent high fever of 4 months duration and with three episodes of arterial embolism in the previous 2 months. Several investigations revealed evidence that those episodes involving bilateral popliteal arteries and the left external iliac artery originated from mycotic emboli. Severe mitral insufficiency due to infective endocarditis was also recognized. The ischemic symptoms improved after medical treatment. Despite antibiotic therapy for 4 weeks, inflammatory signs did not subside. Since aneurysm formation of the left external iliac artery at the embolized portion was detected on CT, mitral valve replacement and aneurysmectomy with femoro-femoral grafting were done concomitantly. Inflammatory signs disappeared immediately after the operation. Pathological findings indicated organization of the mitral vegetation and evidence of active infection in the aneurysm wall. Though aneurysmal change of a symptomatic embolized site is not common, the preoperative evaluation of possible associated mycotic aneurysm is important to decide on surgical strategy for infective endocarditis complicated by embolism.
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to estimate the postoperative growth of untreated segments of the dissected aorta with non-thrombotic communicating false lumen, and also to evaluate the clinical outcome in relation to the aortic enlargement after surgery. Nineteen patients who underwent surgical treatment of aortic dissection were studied with enhanced CT scans and angiograms during the postoperative follow-up period. In Stanford type A patients, mean aortic dilatation rate calculated at the segment showing maximal dilatation was 5.1mm/year during 13-82 months (average, 41 months) after surgery, as a sequela of enlargement of the false lumen. Differences in the aortic dilatation rates between the different segments of the aorta were observed and these were per annum 4.8mm in the ascending aorta, 5.4mm in the transverse aortic arch, 4.3mm in the proximal descending aorta, 2.7mm in the distal descending aorta and 2.4mm in the abdominal aorta. In all patients, major communications were detected at the perianastomotic sites on angiography. In Stanford type B patients, false lumens with small communications were observed to show gradual thrombotic occlusion, but no significant aortic dilatation was detected during the follow-up period (13-70 months, average: 44 months), except three cases of sudden death who had major communications. Nine late events related to dissection, consisting of 4 sudden deaths suspected to be due to aortic rupture, 2 intestinal necroses and 3 cerebral infarctions, occured in 6 patients (32%), among which three patients had undergone arterial fenestration, one of whom had double barrel anastomosis. In the remaining two, major leakages were recognized at distal aortic anastomotic sites on postoperative angiography. The results of this study, we stress the importance of periodic check-ups using enhanced CT scan and if necessary, angiography after surgery of the patients having communicating false lumen. Early detection of progressive aneurysm formation and timely surgical reintervention can yield a good prognosis.
ABSTRACT
Water Jet flow was projected at normal human aortic walls and human chronic obstructive iliac arteries in the air or in the ordinary saline solution. Ordinary saline solution was used for the jet, which was projected at a pressure of 10kg·f/cm<sup>2</sup> through a nozzle 0.10mm in diameter. When the Water Jet was projected at the normal aortic intima, damage to the wall was more severe with duration of fluid projection, and projection for ten sec ruprured the elastic fiber of the media. But when the fluid jet projected ordinary saline, damage to the aortic wall was slight and projection for 30sec only dissected the surface of the intima. Water Jet projection in air showed slight effect on thrombi of the chronic obstructive iliac arteries, and projection for 60sec only made small irregular holes in the thrombi. When the Water Jet was projected in ordinary saline solution, however, destructive effects on thrombi were stronger and the projection for 40sec could remove almost all the thrombi for a distance of 2cm, while damage to the initima was very slight. This study demonstrated that fluid jet projection using ordinary saline solution could remove thrombi in chronically obstructive artery safely and effectively and suggested the possibility of the Water Jet angioplasty.